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1524059 02 / 2018
ROTTERDAM - DUTCH COMMERCIAL AND CULTURAL POWER HOUSE Little more than a pile of rubble at the end of the Second World War , Rotterdam is now the world ' s third - largest port , whose commercial clout is matched by an upbeat atmosphere and broad range of cultural opportunities . The second - largest city in The Netherlands is well worth a detour for a number of reasons . While some recon structed historic buildings are of interest , ' Manhattan on the Maas ' has become something of an encyclopedia of post - war architecture , as becomes clear during a boat tour of its vast complex of docks and refineries overlooked by futuristic skyscrapers . Dedicated shop - pers are bound to have a field day in Rotterdam , where one can find anything from bric - à - brac to haute couture , while countless eateries , pubs and cafés present a dazzling spectrum of local and international cuisine . Add some great museums , and you have a metropolis that can cater to every taste .
MAIN POINTS OF INTEREST 1 . Boijmans Van Beuningen Museum : This is a museum of genu inely international caliber , with notable works by Bosch , Brueghel , Memling and Rembrandt , as well as illuminating collections relating to modern art movements . 2 . Blaak : Having seen Zadkine ' s powerful memorial sculpture by the Maritime Museum , walk east for some interesting modern architec ture like the Blaak rail - and subway station , the nearby Het Potlood ( ' Pencil ' ) and the famous Cube Houses from 1974 - 84 . 3 . Church of St . Lawrence : The reconstructed Grote Kerk is one of the few remnants of Rotterdam ' s historic heritage , and its spacious interior offers a welcome break from hectic city life . 4 . Lijnbaan : This street has the distinction that it was Europe ' s first - ever pedestrian zone when it was laid out in 1953 . 5 . Europoort : A boat trip through Rotterdam ' s seemingly endless maze of docks and wharfs promises an enthralling encounter with modern industrial architecture . 6 . Euromast : The tower built in 1960 was about 360 feet ( 111 m ) high , but the addition of the Space Tower 10 years later upped the ante to just over 600 feet ( 186 m ) , so that the views are truly memorable . 7 . Schielandshuis Museum : This is the best place to learn the ins and outs about Rotterdam ' s interesting history , as well as to view some fascinating old drawings and prints . 8 . Delfshaven : This attractive suburb on the south - west fringe of the city is about the only part of Rotterdam that escaped bombing . A monument in the Old Church recalls that the Pilgrim Fathers wor shipped here in 1620 .
ROTTERDAM
THE NETHERLANDS Geographical position : 51° 56 ' N / 4° 29 ' E Av . alt . : - 6 feet ( - 2 m ) Area of the city : 117 . 3 square - miles ( 304 km ) Population : 585 , 000 Region : South Holland River : Rhine delta , Maas ( Meuse ) Economy : Port and harbor , oil refineries , high tech , media , light and heavy industry . administration , higher education , service industries , tourism
THE HISTORICAL CONTEXT IN A NUTSHELL Some time around the turn of the 13th century , a small settlement began to develop at the confluence of the River Rotte in the Nieuwe Maas . The site proved to be congenial for trade and commerce , and Rotterdam acquired civic rights in 1299 . A crucial factor in the city ' s subsequent growth was a canal linking it with Delft . Born here in 1469 , Erasmus of Rotterdam ( his actual name was Geert Geertsz ) was to become one of Europe ' s most distinguished scholars and authors . Erasmus ' scathing criticism of the Catholic church helped to inspire the Reformation . This , in turn , led to the Spanish occu - pation of the Low Countries , as a result of which Erasmus ' home city was partly burnt to the ground in 1563 . Rotterdam ' s fortunes took a steeply upward turn after 1872 , when the completion of the Nieuwe Waterweg provided the city with a direct link to the North Sea . It soon became one of the world ' s most important ports , a fact symbolized by the construction of the Witte Huis , the tallest office building in Europe ( 145 feet ; 45 m ) in 1900 . Rotterdam ' s commercial importance proved to be fateful in the Second World War , when it was effectively razed to the ground by retreating German forces in 1944 . Recovery was swift , though , and 1968 saw the opening of the Europoort , which was designed to service the world ' s largest ships and tankers . The city ' s two most distinctive bridges , the Wil lems Bridge with its distinctive red pylons and the slender Erasmus Bridge , were opened in 1981 and 1996 , respectively .
ENJOYING THE LOCAL CULTURE AND LIFESTYLE While Lijnbaan is Rotterdam ' s best - known shopping street , Beurstraverse is the place to go if you ' re looking for exclusive and expensive wares . Opposite the very futuristic Main Railway Station , the Plaza has a wide range of stores , as does the mile - long Zuider boulevard . On Kop van Zuid , Vrij Entrepot is a large shopping mall , as is De Vijf Werelddelen in a large converted warehouse . If you ' re something of a foodie , you will definitely want to visit De Markthal , a striking , horseshoe - shaped building embracing over a hundred food stalls . For art galleries and antiques , take a stroll around Witte de Withstraat . Alternatively , you can find lots of specialty shops in the pretty suburb of Delfshaven . Rather pricier gifts can be found in the Rotterdam Diamond Center ( Kipstraat ) .
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